1. Overview of Box Cars
Definition: A box car is a specialized vehicle with a self powered and enclosed structure, or a sealed structure that forms an integral part with the driver's cab. It is equipped with specialized facilities and is used to transport passengers or goods or carry specialized tasks.
2. Overall structure and design of box cars
1. Nowadays, most box cars are built on the chassis of Class II trucks by installing a self sealing compartment.
The carriage is a typical fully enclosed structure. Certificate requirements: The carriage is usually equipped with a rear door or side door, and the interior is equipped with ventilation, lighting, and signal communication facilities. The carriage has superior functions such as rain protection, sun protection, dust prevention, and theft prevention.
According to the differences in cab types, trucks can be divided into two types: long cab and flat cab. The former has a lower occupancy rate and a higher air resistance coefficient, while the latter has a significantly higher occupancy rate and a more coordinated shape compared to the former. The air resistance coefficient of a flat cab truck equipped with a deflector is small, making it suitable for driving on highways.
2. Basic structure of cargo box
The car body is composed of six large welded parts: the top cover, the bottom frame (including the subframe longitudinal beam and crossbeam), the front wall, the rear wall (rear door frame), and the left and right side walls.
3. Adjacent method between carriage and chassis
1. The proximity between the carriage and the chassis is essentially the fastening of the longitudinal beams of the carriage frame (subframe) to the longitudinal beams of the chassis. It is common to simultaneously accept angle iron adjacent to traditional U-bolts to improve the reliability of adjacent structures.
5. The skeleton structure design of the carriage
The skeleton structure design of the carriage has a significant impact on the strength, stiffness, and self weight of the carriage.
2. Design principles and processing methods of skeleton structure
Skeleton structure and processing method: A rectangular frame in the shape of a well. Firstly, divide the six major components that make up the carriage into skeleton assemblies, and then weld these six major skeleton assemblies into a complete carriage skeleton. The chassis is the installation foundation of the entire carriage, with severe stress control. Therefore, both the longitudinal and transverse beams of the chassis adopt a groove shaped section, and both adopt a longitudinal and transverse overlapping structure to improve the strength and stiffness of the chassis.
3. Car door design requirements
The carriage is usually equipped with a rear door, which is beneficial for the loading and unloading of goods and traffic safety. For longer carriages, consideration should also be given to adding side doors. The shape of the carriage door is usually accepted as a rectangular flat structure. There are two ways to open the rear door: single opening and double opening. The width of the side door is usually selected within 1200-2000 mm
4. The design requirements for doors and windows involving relevant sealing strips require that the design of the sealing strips should be superior to that of the carriage; Sealing to prevent dust and rainwater from seeping into the carriage, therefore, the following requirements are proposed for the sealing strip:
① Has superior elasticity to ensure reliable sealing;
② It has excellent anti-aging performance to ensure long service life
③ Has superior weather resistance, that is, maintains superior performance within a wide temperature range of 40-50 ℃;
④ Has superior mechanical strength and wear resistance;
⑤ Easy to shape and assemble. Black rubber such as VAG4-543-67 is commonly used as
